Pdf figo classification system palmcoein for causes of. Abnormal uterine bleeding related to ovulatory dysfunc tion i. Aub and its sub group, heavy menstrual bleeding hmb, are common conditions affecting 1425% of women of reproductive age, and may have a significant impact on their physical, social, emotional and material quality of life. Classification of the disorder helps to select appropriate treatment. Figo classification system palmcoein for causes of aub. Figo classification system palmcoein for causes of. Abnormal uterine bleeding aub, also known as atypical vaginal bleeding, is vaginal bleeding from the uterus that is abnormally frequent, lasts excessively long, is heavier than normal, or is irregular. Heavy menstrual bleeding is excessive menstrual blood loss that interferes with the physical, social, emotional, andor material quality of life. The etiologies of aub should be classified using the palm coein system medical management should be the initial treatment for most patients the need for surgical management is based on the clinical stability of the patient, the severity of the bleeding, contraindications to medical management, the patients lack of response to medical. The acronym palm coein facilitates classification, with palm referring to structural. Nonpregnant women in the reproductive years with abnormal uterine bleeding. Abnormal uterine bleeding national health portal of india. Coein system was developed to standardize nomenclature. The palm coein classification is a practical way of determining the etiology and choosing the appropriate treatment modality in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding in outpatient clinic.
The classification system for abnormal uterine bleeding uses nine basic categories, separated into structural and non structural conditions. The palm coein system also uses descriptive terminology heavy bleeding, intermenstrual bleeding to characterize the bleeding pattern. Acute aub refers to an episode of heavy bleeding that, in the opinion of the clinician, is of sufficient quantity to require immediate intervention to prevent further blood loss 1. Using palm coein leads to a diagnosis that is structural or nonstructural and leads to.
Prevalence of abnormal uterine bleeding according to new. M enstrual bleeding is considered normal when it occurs regularly every 25 days, lasts 4 to 8 days, and is not associated with heavy bleeding. Pdf figo classification system palmcoein for causes. As recently defined by the international federation of gynecology and obstetrics figoand endorsed by the american college of obstetricians and gynecologiststhe term abnormal uterine bleeding aub now describes any departure from normal menstrual bleeding. Abnormal uterine bleeding is a frequent condition in gynecology. The palm coein classification for causes of abnormal uterine bleeding aub was proposed by the international federation of gynecology and obstetrics figo in 2011, which has been gradually applied in the diagnosis of aub in the past 2 years in china.
The overarching term aub is paired with descriptive terms to denote bleeding patterns associated with aub, such as heavy menstrual bleeding instead of menorrhagia and intermenstrual bleeding instead of metrorrhagia. The palm coein system is etiopathogenesis based, with palm describing. Abnormal uterine bleeding is a common problem of the women in the. Assessment of patients with abnormal uterine bleeding in. Abnormal uterine bleeding, classification system, endometrial polyp, figo, palm coein. Chronic abnormal uterine bleeding aub, a term that refers to menstrual bleeding of abnormal quantity, duration, or schedule, is a common gynecologic problem, occurring in approximately 10 to 35 percent of women. Also known as dysfunctional uterine bleeding dub abnormal menstrual bleeding with regards to.
Formerly, it was known as dysfunctional uterine bleeding dub. Figo classification system palm coein for causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nongravid women of reproductive age. Palm coein polyps adenomyosis leiomyomas malignancy coagulopathy ovulatory dysfxn endometrial iatrogenic. There are nine main categories, which are arranged according to the acronym palmcoein. Abnormal uterine bleeding is a common symptom in women. Figo classification system for the causes of abnormal. Abnormal uterine bleeding is a common reason for women to seek care. The term dysfunctional uterine bleeding was used when no underlying cause was present. To date, the absence of a universally accepted method for classifying such patients has impeded basic science and clinical investigation, as well as the practical, rational, and consistent application of medical and. Diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding in reproductive. Management of abnormal uterine bleeding in reproductive period. Following the socalled palm coein system we will attempt to further clarify the surgical treatments available today. Chronic heavy or prolonged uterine bleeding can result in anemia, interfere with daily activities, and raise concerns about uterine cancer.
Abnormal uterine bleeding aub is a significant clinical entity. The two figo systems for normal and abnormal uterine. Abnormal uterine bleeding aub is a common and debilitating condition with high direct. It may impact physical, emotional sexual and professional aspects of the lives of women, impairing their quality of life. It may impact physical, emotional sexual and professional aspects of the lives of women, impairing their quality of. The two figo systems for normal and abnormal uterine bleeding. Abstract there is general inconsistency in the nomenclature used to describe abnormal uterine bleeding aub, in addition to a plethora of. At this juncture, clinical management, education for medical providers, and the design and interpretation of clinical trials have been hampered by the absence of a consensus system for nomenclature for the description of symptoms as well as classification of causes or potential causes of abnormal uterine bleeding aub. The international federation of gynaecology and obstetrics working group on menstrual disorders has developed a classification system palm coein for. Palm coein polyp, adenomyosis, leiomyoma, malignancycoagulopathy, ovulatory disorders, endometrium, iatrogenic and not otherwise specified. The international federation of gynecology and obstetrics figo systems for nomenclature of symptoms of normal and abnormal uterine bleeding aub in the reproductive years figo aub system 1 and for classification of causes of aub figo aub system 2. Iron deficiency anemia may occur and quality of life may. Abnormal uterine bleeding murtaghs general practice, 7e.
Abnormal uterine bleeding aub may be acute or chronic and is defined as bleeding from the uterine corpus that is abnormal in regularity, volume, frequency, or duration and occurs in the absence of pregnancy 1 2. Surgical management of abnormal uterine bleeding in. Defining abnormal uterine bleeding aub normal menstrual cycle frequency 25 days. This system, approved by the international federation of gynecology and obstetrics, uses the term aub paired with descriptive terms that describe associated bleeding patterns hmb or imb, or a qualifying letter or letters, or both to indicate its etiology. Abnormal uterine bleeding in reproductiveage women. A common and often debilitating condition, affecting women of reproductive age. Categorization of patients with abnormal uterine bleeding according. In this video, we are going to see about abnormal uterine bleeding aub. There is general inconsistency in the nomenclature used to describe abnormal uterine bleeding aub, in addition to a plethora of potential causesseveral of which may coexist in a given individual.
Basic palm coein classification system for the causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nonpregnant women of reproductive age. The figo classification of causes of abnormal uterine. Management of abnormal uterine bleeding in reproductive. Classification of the causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nonpregnant women of reproductive age mnemonics figo classification system palm coein for causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nongravid women of reproductive age. Abnormal uterine bleeding aub is any variance of the normal menstrual cycle, which is defined on the basis of four parameters frequency, regularity, duration, and volume. A systematic approach to chronic abnormal uterine bleeding. However, there are no reports yet on the causes of chronic aub among chinese women with this new classification system. Figos palmcoein classification of abnormal uterine. Practice bulletin 6, july 20 the bree collaborative. Palm coein abnormal uterine bleeding heavy menstrual bleeding dysfunctional uterine bleeding menorrhagia abstract abnormal uterine bleeding is a frequent condition in gynecology. Abnormal uterine bleeding etiology bmj best practice. It seems clear that the development of consistent and universally accepted nomenclature is a step toward rectifying this unsatisfactory circumstance.
Learn abnormal uterine bleeding with free interactive flashcards. Aub may be accompanied by pain and discomfort, cause significant social embarrassment. Abnormal uterine bleeding is a common gynecological disease and represents one of the most frequent reasons for hospital admission to a specialist unit, often requiring further surgical treatment. In the uk, over 800,000 women seek help for aub annually. The palm coein system classifies uterine bleeding abnormalities by bleeding pattern and etiology. Palm coein the palm causes are considered structural and the coein coin causes are considered. The diagnosis of aub can be made when conditions within the acronym palm coein are implicated fig. The figo classification system for the causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nongravid women of reproductive age has a mnemonic at its core 1. During this time, visits to health care providers hcps, clinics and hospitals should be minimized to preserve resources for the pandemic and to limit dissemination of this coronavirus sarscov2 and spread of covid19 disease. There is general inconsistency in the nomenclature used to describe. The acronym palm coein facilitates classification, with palm referring to structural etiologies polyp, adenomyosis, leiomyoma, malignancy. Terms such as menorrhagia, menometrorrhagia, metrorrhagia, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, polymenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, and uterine hemorrhage are no longer recommended. Acog releases guidelines on management of abnormal. Abnormal uterine bleeding aub is a common problem among nonpregnant women in the reproductive age.
High cumulative incidence of uterine leiomyoma in black and white women. Abnormal uterine bleeding british medical bulletin. Choose from 500 different sets of abnormal uterine bleeding flashcards on quizlet. Aub is responsible for significant health problem and social embarrassment and. Society of obstetricians and gynaecologists of canada sogc no. The international federation of gynaecology and obstetrics working group on menstrual disorders has developed a classification system palm coein for causes of the aub in nongravid women. Abnormal uterine bleeding including palm coein classification research output. Abnormal uterine bleeding aub is a common problem among women in the reproductive age. Abnormal uterine bleeding in women of reproductive age is a manifestation of any of a number of disorders or pathologic entities. Gynecology the two figo systems for normal and abnormal. Abnormal uterine bleeding aub in nonpregnant reproductiveage women.